PGs make use of party platform to put forward their concerns but they lack alignment with any specific political party for long.

PGs remain more concerned on administration rather than policy decisions, much of their efforts are directed towards influencing general administration.

lobbying by US companies in case of FDI).

There are also news about the presence of foreign lobbies in parliament (e.g.

Most political parties do not have any clear nationalist ideology & they remain backed by certain groups especially religious and minority communities.Conventional Pressure Groups (PGs) based on caste, community, religion-based & regional groupings play decisive role in Indian polity.After independence there was dominance of single political party over government for long time and role of pressure groups was limited & perceived negative but today their role are taken to be constructive and democratic.How ever, some times they may even resort to illegitimate and illegal methods like strikes, violence or even bribes. They maypublish statistics in favour of their claims.

Pressure groups may sometimes make use of media for dispersing their views in public and winning support. Propagandizing : Influencing the public opinion.Lobbying : Persuading public officers to adopt and enforce policies of their interest.Electioneering : Placing in public office persons who favour their interests.One of the characteristic features of any pressure group is that they try to manipulate governmental affairs without any intention to have any direct control over it which is one thing that differentiates it from a political party. Pressure groups are sometimes referred to as ‘Anonymous Empire’ & ‘legislation behind legislature’ due to their strong presence and influence in the polity. Interest groups are numerous and of many kinds but whenever they become active in order to achieve their interests by their attempts of influencing the public affairs at administrative or legislative level they are termed Pressure groups. Superficially all the formal & informal associations collectively could be termed ‘Interest Groups’ as all of them have certain vested interests related to the general governance of the country. of formal /informal groups that influence the polity of any country, right from the formation of government itself to day-to-day governance issues. Pressure Groups are also known as Interest Groups or Vested Groups. The term ‘pressure group’ is used as the group attempts to bring a change in the public policy by exerting pressure on the government. Pressure group is a group of people who are organised actively for promoting or defending their common interest. Pressure Groups and Their Role in the Polity

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Public administration by laxmikant pdf